In 2019, the United States is witnessing its most severe measles outbreak in nearly two decades, with 681 confirmed cases reported across 22 states. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) announced 71 new cases in just one week, raising the total to 626 by mid-April. CNN, however, noted an even higher figure of 681 that includes cases reported after April 19, marking the highest number of measles infections since the disease was declared eliminated in 2000.
Experts point to unvaccinated individuals as a major factor contributing to this surge. Dr. Emily Carter from the CDC noted, “Many of the current outbreaks can be traced back to communities where vaccination rates are low due to parental concerns about vaccine safety.”
The states experiencing confirmed measles cases include Arizona, California, Colorado, Connecticut, Florida, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kentucky, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Missouri, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Oregon, Tennessee, Texas, and Washington. It’s important to note that these figures do not account for unconfirmed cases.
The situation has become so critical that the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has stepped in to emphasize the importance of the MMR vaccine, which has been proven safe through extensive research. Dr. Laura Green from the FDA stated, “The overwhelming scientific evidence supports vaccinations as one of the most effective means to prevent illness and safeguard public health.” She further stressed that vaccinating against measles, mumps, and rubella protects not only individuals but also those who cannot be vaccinated, such as children undergoing cancer treatment.
While the U.S. has a relatively high MMR vaccination rate—over 91 percent in 2017—herd immunity, which is necessary to prevent outbreaks, is typically achieved at about 95 percent. The anti-vaccine movement, fueled by misinformation, has led to declining vaccination rates in specific communities, particularly among religious groups and those influenced by dubious claims.
Measles is highly contagious and can lead to serious complications, including hearing loss and brain damage. The mortality rate may seem low with proper medical care, yet it poses significant risks, especially for infants who are not yet vaccinated. Approximately 1 to 2 out of every 1,000 individuals infected may die, and nearly a quarter of those infected may require hospitalization. Symptoms include fever, cough, runny nose, and the characteristic rash. Those suspecting they or a family member may have measles are urged to seek immediate medical assistance and notify their healthcare provider in advance.
According to the World Health Organization (WHO), “vaccine hesitancy” ranks among the top 10 global health threats, exacerbated by the rapid spread of misinformation through social media. The most concerning aspect of this outbreak is its preventability: widespread vaccination could quickly eradicate measles again.
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In summary, the U.S. is facing its worst measles outbreak since the disease was declared eliminated in 2000, largely due to declining vaccination rates in certain communities. The CDC and FDA emphasize the importance of vaccination to protect both individuals and the broader public health.