Recognizing Signs of an Eating Disorder in Your Child

Eating disorders among children and adolescents are more common than many realize. The American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry reports that approximately 10% of young women experience such disorders, and I can relate to this alarming statistic. At the age of 13, I began scrutinizing and criticizing my body. By 14, my obsession with exercise took over my life, leading me to perform push-ups and crunches incessantly. The remnants of my workouts were visible on my back, marked by the carpet beneath me. By 15, I restricted my food intake to an alarming 800 calories a day or just one meal. I was never diagnosed with anorexia or bulimia — rather, I was classified with an eating disorder not otherwise specified (EDNOS). Despite not fitting the classic mold, my struggle was overwhelming and all-consuming. Unfortunately, my parents were oblivious to my battle because the signs of eating disorders in young people can often be subtle.

As Erin Parks, a clinical psychologist and chief clinical officer at Equip, points out, many people associate eating disorders primarily with weight loss. However, in many cases, it’s the lack of expected weight gain that signals a problem. For instance, a 15-year-old should weigh more than they did at 13; if they don’t, it could indicate an eating disorder.

Types of Eating Disorders

While five primary eating disorders are clinically recognized — anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, muscle dysmorphia, binge eating disorder (BED), and other specified feeding and eating disorder (OSFED) — various unofficial conditions exist. These include compulsive overeating, characterized by consuming large amounts of food throughout the day, and orthorexia nervosa, which involves an unhealthy fixation on perfect dietary habits. Pregorexia relates to food restriction or starvation during pregnancy.

Causes of Eating Disorders

Eating disorders can arise from a combination of factors, including environment, genetics, and life experiences. Individuals suffering from these disorders typically struggle with low self-esteem and poor body image. Participation in sports or activities that emphasize weight can heighten vulnerability, and dieting at a young age can set the stage for disordered eating behaviors.

Common Symptoms in Children and Teens

The symptoms of eating disorders can vary widely, but several signs are commonly observed. According to Jillian Walsh, a registered dietitian and therapist, warning signs may include:

Uncomfortable behaviors during mealtimes
Obsessive thoughts about food
Excessive exercise
Refusing previously enjoyed foods
Choosing low-fat options
Playing with food or eating very slowly

Kerry Heath, a licensed professional counselor, adds other indicators to watch for:

Significant weight loss or lack of expected weight gain
Skipping meals or avoiding family mealtimes
Frequent discussions about dieting, weight, or food rules
Wearing baggy clothes or inappropriate clothing for the season
Negative self-talk related to appearance
Social withdrawal or refusal to attend school
Mood swings, irritability, anxiety, and sleep disturbances

More severe symptoms may include drastic weight loss, gastrointestinal issues, persistent coldness, and weakened immune function.

What to Do If You Suspect an Eating Disorder

If you suspect your child is grappling with an eating disorder, it’s crucial to approach the situation with care. Start a calm and direct conversation about your concerns. Consulting a physician, therapist, and dietitian who specialize in eating disorders is essential for building a supportive recovery team.

Creating a healthy home environment can also aid in recovery. Parks advises parents to model positive behaviors, such as eating meals together and cultivating a belief that all foods are acceptable. Additionally, educating yourself and your children about societal pressures regarding body image can foster a more positive view of health and self-acceptance.

For further insights on this topic, check out our other blog post here. You can also explore resources like Healthline for valuable information on pregnancy and home insemination.

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Summary

Eating disorders in young people are serious and often go unnoticed by parents. Understanding the types, causes, and symptoms can help in identifying potential issues early. Open communication and a supportive home environment are vital for recovery. If you suspect your child has an eating disorder, seeking help from professionals is key.