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I know what you might be thinking. May has come and gone, so why am I still discussing AAPI heritage and history? It’s JULY, for goodness’ sake. We should be knee-deep in celebrating Independence Day with picnics and outdoor fun. (You know, the typical summer activities — that sound enjoyable, but I can’t really relate.) But here’s the thing: I’ve been stuck in a creative rut, unable to write about anything that isn’t fan fiction, and also, just as Black history is integral to American history, every month is an opportunity to explore AAPI history.
While AAPI Heritage Month is commendable, I’m Asian American every single day, not just in May. Whether I face outright violence or subtle microaggressions, the reality of being Asian in America is ever-present. The truth is, white individuals never allow me to forget it.
Given the recent surge in anti-Asian hate, we could all benefit from a deeper understanding of the rich and complex history of Asians and Pacific Islanders in America, as well as in the regions from which our ancestors came. (Let’s be honest, the hatred we face isn’t exactly a new phenomenon, right?)
AAPI History is American History
I strongly believe that our origins shape our future. Many of us, whether of AAPI descent or otherwise, lack knowledge about our roots, leading to a distorted understanding of America, who qualifies as American, and who deserves a fulfilling life in this country. (Spoiler alert: it’s usually white individuals. People of color may occasionally achieve the American Dream, but only if it fits certain narratives that make white Americans feel comfortable.)
Here’s an interesting fact: The first Filipinos arrived in 1587 near Morro Bay, California, alongside the Spaniards, a full 33 years before the Pilgrims landed at Plymouth Rock. Also, did you know that in 1763, some Filipinos who escaped from a Spanish galleon in New Orleans went on to establish the first recorded Filipino settlement in America?
The Importance of AAPI Heritage
Understanding AAPI history is crucial for two reasons: it’s both factual and necessary. Asian Americans are often viewed as perpetually foreign, as if we are outsiders instead of integral members of American history. This misconception has been exploited by white individuals to further oppress marginalized communities from the very beginning. After the emancipation of enslaved Black individuals, the South brought in Chinese laborers fleeing famine as cheap labor, instead of offering fair wages to Black Americans.
Asian Americans often find themselves invisible, used as a tool to further oppress other people of color, and frequently unaware of the deeply racist and violent history our ancestors endured. Moreover, we often overlook how U.S. and European militarization and foreign policy have shaped the immigration experiences of Asians and the impact of colonization on Pacific Islanders.
You may have heard of the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882, which barred a specific ethnic group from immigrating to the U.S. and resulted in family separations and business destruction. But do you know about the multiple massacres, lynchings, and riots targeting Chinese and Filipino communities in California during the late 1800s? Are you aware of how the CIA’s actions during the Vietnam War forced the Hmong to flee after they were used as spies? The Hmong were just one part of the Southeast Asian refugees resettling in America due to our military involvement in Vietnam.
We have internalized the Model Minority myth perpetuated by white supremacy. Caught up in respectability politics and the need to assimilate — survival tactics for oppressed groups — we become pawns in a larger game. This division allows those in power to keep minorities at odds with one another instead of uniting against the systemic grip of white supremacy.
Where to Begin?
I understand that it can feel overwhelming. There are 45 countries under the AAPI umbrella, and frankly, I can’t even remember all 50 states. (I mean, does anyone really care about the midwestern states?) But I refuse to buy into that notion.
If you can figure out how to bake artisanal sourdough bread using yeast from your home, then you can certainly learn about AAPI history and its contributions. Google exists. Wikipedia is there — who hasn’t fallen into a Wikipedia rabbit hole for hours? A simple search for “Asian American History” would provide you with enough information to become somewhat less ignorant.
To help you get started, here are some excellent resources:
- The Making of Asian America: A History by Erika Lee
This book offers a sweeping overview of Asian American history, but be prepared for a lot of information that will likely make you angry because of how America has treated so many different peoples. - Asian Americans (PBS, 2020)
If you prefer visual media, this five-hour PBS documentary provides a quick, yet informative, history of Asian Americans in the United States. It’s suitable for the whole family. - A People’s History of Asian America (CAAM, PBS Digital Studios, 2021)
In response to the rise in anti-Asian hate and violence, CAAM partnered with PBS Digital Studios to create this four-part mini-series that can be watched online, addressing significant issues faced by the AAPI community.
Additionally, seek out local or online panels and discussions led by AAPIs, or participate in activities that immerse you in AAPI cultures and histories. If that feels too daunting, indulge in the art and cuisine produced by the AAPI diaspora.
Many of us fail to recognize how white supremacy and a revisionist historical narrative have exploited AAPIs and other people of color, ultimately harming everyone, including white individuals. Until we are acknowledged as people, as essential contributors to America and civil rights advocacy, AAPIs will continue to be erased — and that is a future I will not accept.